MoMusings

Random ramblings and musings about all things malware and related net-nasties...

Tuesday, 21 October 2008

Financial In-Fidelity, Yours For 72.5 Million US Dollars!

Here's an offer I received via e-mail that seems to be the answer to most peoples prayers; a large pile of money just for helping out someone move some money. Of course in reality it isn't as simple as that, but I'm getting ahead of myself.

Here's a screenshot of the e-mail in full:



It says it was sent by Tim McCarron of Fidelity Investments here in the UK. He is a fund manager for them. It seems that Tim, allegedly, has acquired over 145 Million US Dollars from his employers without their knowledge. Moreover he wants my help to move the funds, and for my trouble he will give me 50 percent; very generous. That is over 72.5 Million US Dollars.....tempting, isn't it? ;-)

All he wants from me are some personal details, some proof of identity, such as a copy of my drivers licence or passport, and a bank account number to use for the transaction.

To prove that he really exists, Tim has even included a link to some details about himself and his performance which is available on the Fidelity Investments website.  How thoughtful!

Here's a screenshot of the webpage in the first link:



See, there's Tim's name and various other detals about him and the funds he manages. Yes, this is the real Fidelity Investments website.

Let's look in to this in more detail.

OK, the email reply address seems odd, it is timmacarron@superposta.com (seems Tim can't even spell his surname correctly) but the From: address header in the email tells me his email address is tmcarron@ymail.com......hmmm, I'm confused. I know he is trying to cover his tracks, but why use two free webmail addresses?

So, what does this tell me?

Well for one this email is not from the real Tim McCarron, or from anyone at Fidelity Investments. Furthermore, there is NO MONEY; sorry to disappoint you.

If it was real, then the person responsible would have committed fraud; as they have stolen money from their employers and potentially customers too. Furthermore, if you took part in this, if it was real, you would also be committing fraud as well as money laundering....lucky there is no money then, eh? ;-)

Yes, this is yet another 419 scam [aka the Nigerian scam, also known as Advance-Fee-Fraud]. If you were foolish enough to reply to the email you would be assured that the money was real, but somehwere along the way you would be asked to part with money to pay for things such as, handling fees, taxes, shipping fees, and maybe even bribes! So, instead
of getting the alleged money you were promised, you would end up losing money, or worse. You would also end up on a so-called "suckers list" and get more 419s, not only via e-mail, but also through your letterbox.

So next time you receive such a tempting offer, remember the old adage "if something seems too good to be true, it probably is....too good to be true". Also, think very carefully before
you click on any links or contact anyone mentioned in these email, at the very least you could end up on a phishing site, you could lose some of your money, or worse, as there have been cases of beatings and even murders linked to these scams.

Oh, and just in case you were wondering, the links in the email were included by the scammer to try and give extra credence to their outlandish financial proposal.

If you want to read more on the subject of 419s then I have written several articles which were published in the Virus Bulletin magazine, reprints of these can be found here, [http://momusings.com/papers] along with all my other published articles and papers.

Oh yes, and the personal details you supply them will almost certainly be used for identity theft and/or in another 419 scam, using your personal details and proofs to attempt to make it more believable.

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Amazon Marketplace Listing Canceled...

How many of you out there use Amazon's Marketplace to sell items?

Well, if you do then this posting should be of some interest and I'd also be interested in how many of you have received similar emails to the one shown in the screenshot below:



Looks like a typical notification from Amazon that your item listed on Amazon Marketplace has been canceled; for those that use this Amazon service this usually happens when your item listing has expired, and is quite normal.

So, let me see where I end up when I click on the link contained in the e-mail; screenshot below:

 

Is this Amazon.co.uk? Looks genuine doesn't it? would you sign-in via this page, or not?

For the moment, let us assume [quite rightly] that I'm suspicious of this page, let me have a look at the source HTML for the page above; I'm especially interested in the FORM section (the bit that deals with the login credentials; your e-mail address and Amazon.co.uk password). Here's a screenshot of the related part of the HTML source for that function:




Hmmm.....notice anything odd?

Surely the real Amazon.co.uk doesn't use a generic mailto CGI script [in this case a PERL script] to handle login routines, does it?

No, of course it doesn't, the code in the screenshot above sends your now stolen Amazon.co.uk login details to the bad guys and girls via e-mail using the mailto.pl script hosted on http://www-cgi.paonline. It then goes onto send you to the real Amazon.co.uk page, sneaky huh?

So, this is another phishing scam, in this case they want to steal you Amazon login credentials, so that they can steal any personal details, including and stored credit-card data, or maybe they just want to buy things using your account, and have them sent to a drop-box to then be turned into cash. Such as ordering themselves a new MP3 player, phone, some CD's or DVD's or whatever, leaving you to pick up the bill and deal with the resulting mess.

Of course this type of attack is not just limited to Amazon, it would in theory work with any e-commerce site, so be careful out there especially where you have sites that store you credit-card details, as in most cases this is what the bad-guys and girls are after. If they can't get that then they will just buy things from the site using your stored card data instead.

yet again, as with other recent examples I've blogged about it shows that phishers are not just interested in getting you bank details, they are just as happy to get e-commerce site credentials, game login credentials (such as WoW) or webmail account details (how many of you store e-mails which contain personal or financial  details?), amongst many others. Furthermore, do you you the same password for more than a single site? If you do then you are making it easier for the bad guys and girls to compromise your other accounts wherever they may be.

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Monday, 20 October 2008

Walmart Survey Worth $150 US Dollars...

I received an e-mail yesterday asking me to take part in a survey that Walmart were apparently carrying out to gauge customer satisfaction. A screenshot of the e-mail I received appears below:



So, even though I am not and never have been a Walmart customer, let me see where we go if I click on the link provided, as if I were a Walmart customer. This is where I ended up:



Looks like a very typical web based survey, so what happens when I fill in the details and then click on the proceed button at the foot of the survey page? This is where I ended up next:



OK, so they want some more personal details now, they already have my phone number and e-mail address. Now they want my credit card number, expiry date for it and.......my CVV and ATM pin.....hmmmmm; can anyone smell something 'phishy' yet? ;-)

Yes, this is a phishing scam, squarely targetted at Walmart customers that will be fooled into believing that they will recive 150 US Dollars for filling out the survey and supplying their credit card details. In a few days they will get a surprise, but not the pleasent one they were expecting. Instead of having money credited to their account, they will have lost money through bogus purchases. It may even be worse, their account could be cleared out via ATM withdrawals, or even overdrawn, leaving them with a large bill to pay [unless their bank covers phishing scams and related things] . In the worst case scenario the personal details they gave could be used for identity theft so that loans or mortgages could be set up using the stolen details, leaving the victim with the bills and the resulting damage to their credit rating.

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Friday, 17 October 2008

Yahoo Calendar Invites Trouble...

Well, I received a rather interesting invite sent to me via the Yahoo! Calendar service. Have a look at it [screenshot below], what do you think?

 

Hands up all those that are tempted to respond to this?

OK

Now, hands up all those that are NOT tempted to respond to this?

Hmmm....

So, before I cover this in more detail, let me see what happens when I click on the RSVP to this invitation text, which is a hyperlink. This is where we end up [screenshot below]



This is the real Yahoo! Calendar website, so it isn't a phishing scam, is it? Is it real, does someone really want to give me a cheque for 1.5 Million US Dollars, or is it some other form of scam?

OK, time to tell you what is going on here, and what the e-mail is all about, and why the sender used Yahoo! Calendar to send it.

The email really was sent via the Yahoo! Calendar service, and clicking on the link contained in the e-mail really does take you to the genuine Yahoo! Calendar site and a real Yahoo! Calendar invite. But why?

The answer to the why, is that this enabled the e-mail sender to have a better chance of getting the email, seen in the first screenshot, to the intended recipients, yes I said recipients, not recipient. Did you notice that in the web site screenshot the 90 undecided text? Yes, this invite was sent to 90 intended recipients, not just me. Does this mean that this was sent by someone with over 135 Million US Dollars to give away?

Of course not, this is just a new twist on the old 419 scam [aka the Nigerian scam, also known as Advance-Fee-Fraud]. The sender just used the Yahoo! Calendar service to try and increase the chances of his invite [the scam text in the invite] getting past any anti-spam defences that the intended recipients might have in place.

There is no money [sorry!], there never was, if you were foolish enough to contact Mr Luke Yayi, you would be assured that the money was real, but somewhere along the way you would be asked to part with money to pay for things such as, handling fees, taxes, shipping fees, and maybe even bribes! So, instead of getting the alleged money you were promised, you would end up losing money, or worse. You would also end up on a so-called "suckers list" and get more 419s, not only via e-mail, but also through your letterbox.

So next time you receive such an invite, not only ones from a calendar service; it could be from any online service, such as: news groups, blogs, social-networking sites, feedback forms, mailing lists and so on. Think very carefully before you click on any links or contact anyone mentioned in the invites/e-mail body, at the very least you could end up on a phishing site, at worst you could lose money, or worse, as there have been cases of beatings and even murders linked to these scams.

If you want to read more on the subject of 419s then I have written several articles which were published in the Virus Bulletin magazine, reprints of these can be found here, [http://momusings.com/papers] along with all my other published articles and papers.

Right, I need to put together another presentation for yet another conference, this time I'm covering penetration testing and ethical hacking.

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Thursday, 16 October 2008

Virus Bulletin 2008 Conference Review

As previously mentioned on this blog, I was going to attend the Virus Bulletin 2008 conference as just a delegate, for the very first time; I usually attend as a speaker. The conference was held at the Westin Ottawa, in Ottawa, Canada [surprisingly ;-)] between the 1st and 3rd of October.

However, I ended up being a speaker again, which I don't mind, but I was actually looking forward to having a more relaxed conference than I usually do, but that's life!



This posting is a quick review of the conference:

Day 1 - Wednesday 1st October 2008

The first day of the conference started at 10:30 with Helen Martin’s opening address, this was followed at 11:00 by the Keynote address "The AV industry: Quo Vadis?" presented by Alex Eckelberry of Sunbelt Software. This was a very interesting speech and contained lots of useful information, as well as a general overview of what the bad guys [and girls] are up to, as well as what the good guys [and girls] are up to.

You can find a recording of it here, along with the slides: http://sunbeltblog.blogspot.com/2008/10/virus-bulletin-2008-keynote-address.html

The final session on the Technical Stream before lunch was also interesting, a presentation by Morton Swimmer [who used to work for IBM] entitled:

  • Towards integrated malware defence

It was a good presentation, however as Morton had moved to TREND just before the conference he no longer had access to all his data, which was a shame, as it seems to have been rather an effective solution.

Then it was time for lunch.

After lunch, the conference continued in its normal two stream mode; Corporate stream and Technical steam. Normally I spend most of the conference in the technical stream, and on this first day that was pretty much the case. I spent the whole afternoon in the Technical Stream.

The first two presentation after lunch were:

  • Your computer is now stoned (...again!). The rise of MBR rootkit - Kimmo Kasslin, F-Secure
  • When the hammer falls - effects of successful widespread disinfection on malware development and direction - Matt McCormack, Microsoft
The presentation given by Kimmo was esepcially interesting as it covered the rebirth of MBR infectors; something that had almost died out when Windows NT, 2000 and XP came along [yes there have been some MBR infectors for those, but not many, and not with stealth capability].

Then we had a short break for Tea and coffee before the attending the final pair of presentations on the technical stream. These were:

  • Applying user-mode memory scanning on Windows NT - Eric Uday Kumar, Authentium
  • Packer visualisation: a fast entropy scanning algorithm that preserves local detail - Li Sun, RMIT University

I decided to sit in on the vendor presentation after the days main proceedings, this was given by my good friend David Harley, from Eset.

Later we had the "Welcome drinks reception" which is a nice ice-breaker, especially for those that have not been to a VB Conference before as it is very informal and relaxed.

This was staged with a couple of Ice Hockey players; for those that wanted pictures, as well as a bit of fun from Ken Bechtel, who's hat did the rounds and photos were taken of those that ended up wearing it, including me. If you've ever met Ken, you'll know which hat I mean as he is rarely seen without it.

Day 2 - Thursday 2nd October 2008

Day two started early for me as I was informed when I arrived that I might be needed to present [I was the emergency reserve speaker; "in case of a missing speaker, break glass and grab Martin ;-)"], as one of the speakers for the morning session on the Technical Stream was unaccounted for; he never did turn up.

So, I had to go back to my hotel [I wasn't staying at the Westin], get changed, grab my laptop and get back to the conference by the morning tea break to check that my laptop worked fine with the projector, it did.

This meant that I effectively missed the first two presentations I had planned to attend, oh well.

To complicate matters, I was also supposed to be chairing the three sessions on the Corporate Stream between the morning tea break and lunch; which I couldn't now do, as I was presenting in the other stream at the same time. Luckily, my old friend from Nortel, John Morris, stepped into the void as the new session chair.

So after the morning tea-break I was back in the Technical Stream for the next three presentations, these were:

  • The robustness of new email identification standards - Reza Rajabiun, COMDOM Software and York University
  • Coordinated distributions method for tracking botnets sending out spam - Andrey Bakhmutov, Kaspersky Lab
  • Malware forenscis: detecting the unknown - Martin Overton, IBM ISS
The presentation given by Andrey was extremely good, some excellent research which was well presented and explained. This led to a flurry of questions.

It seemed rather surreal when I gave my presentation, as it was designed for an audience on the Corporate Stream; so as an old English saying goes "it was like teaching my grandmother how to suck eggs". In other words the presentation was an overview of forensic techniques and tools for finding and analysing malware [known or new] on an infected system.

This was presented on the Technical Stream to about 70 or more of the worlds best malware researchers, hence my use of the saying.

The presentation was actually based on my EICAR 2008 paper which I was unable to present at the EICAR conference, ironically due to the fact I was tied up in a malware forensics case.

Then it was time for Lunch, not only to refuel with food, but also to discuss and digest what we'd seen so far.

I received some nice feedback from a few of those that sat in, and no awkward questions. In fact one of the guys who were running the audio-visual side of the conference said he thoroughly enjoyed my presentation and found it most useful and enlightening.

After lunch, once more I decided to sit in on the Technical Stream until the tea/coffee break, at least. The next four presentations, all last minute ones limited to 20 minutes each, were:

  • VB testing - present status, future plans, John Hawes, Virus Bulletin
  • Race to zero with online scanners, Boris Lau, Sophos
  • There is (some) honour among South American authors of infostealer trojans!, Pedro Bueno, McAfee
  • Apple iPhone programming with SDK, Marius van Oers, McAfee
This year these short technical presentation worked rather well, although it was hard for some of the presenters to keep to the 20 minute slot limit, yes, you know who you are.

Then it was time for another caffeine break ;-)

After the tea/coffee break I moved to the Corporate Stream as I was chairing the last two presentations on that stream, these were:

  • The NorTel Mailer: effective open-source spam filtering for enterprises - Chris Lewis, Nortel
  • SCADA security - who is really in control of our control systems? - Peter Allor, IBM

Both of these were very interesting presentations and it was a shame that so few delegates had decided to sit in on them.

Before the day was over we also had our first panel session, this was:

  • The state of anti-malware testing

Later we had the "pre-dinner drinks and the Gala dinner and entertainment".

As always the food was excellent and the entertainment this year differed quite a bit, it was a quiz, which was fun but took longer than expected to complete. As one delegate was heard to say "we have travelled 3,500 miles for a pub quiz!". Personally, I enjoyed it, it just needed to be shorter.


Day 3 - Friday 3rd October 2008

The final day of the conference had arrived, I'm still not sure where the first two days had gone, but they sure went quickly!

As we started slightly later on the last day, to allow for those that had partied hard until the small-hours to get some sleep, and maybe quite a bit of black coffee, there was only a single presentation before the first coffee/tea break of the day. The one I decided to attend was on the Corporate Stream, again:

  • Understanding and teaching bots and botnets - Randy Abrams, ESET
This presentation covered a topic that I had presented on back at VB2005 in Dublin, but from a high-level perspective and more focussed on how to educate staff about these threats via using robot vacum cleaners known as Roombas.

As usual Randy was both informative and entertaining.

So, another quick tea and coffee break and then back to the Technical Stream until lunch, these were the next presentations I sat in on:

  • Automatic rules-based binary analysis with IDA Pro and CLIPS - Ryan Hicks, AVG
  • Rebuilding testing for the future - Igor Muttik
  • Samples.malware.org: sample sharing for the next decade? - Richard Ford, Florida Institute of Technology
All of these were very good and interesting talks and all generated lots of discussion and questions.

Then it was time for the final lunch of the conference, but before that, all the speakers had to get together for the traditional "Speakers Photo". As usual, much hilarity was had by all. However, I think I can honestly say that this years photo was the quickest ever as it took less than 5 minutes to organise all the speakers and take a number of photos.

After lunch I spent the first part of the afternoon on the Corporate Stream.These were the presentations I sat in on:

  • Where do your users want to go today and can you stop them? - Bruce Hughes, AVG
  • The name of the dose: does malware naming still matter? - Pierre-Marc Bureau and David Harley, ESET
Both of these were interesting and prompted a number of questions from the audience.

Then it was time for the final refreshments break. Yes, it was the very last VB2008 Tea and coffee break of the whole conference.

The final presentations of the day, and the conference, were straight after the break and I decided that I'd sit in on the last one on the Technical Stream again. This was:

  • Darwin inside the machines: malware evolution and the consequences for computer security - Peter Ször, Symantec
    Dimitris Iliopoulos, Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Science
This was a very interesting presentation, basically saying that malcode could in theory evolve following Darwinian principles. Not sure that we will see such malware any time soon, as there are a number of things that need to happen first.

Although all the conference papers presentations had finished there was a very interesting and lively panel discussion on:

  • Security in banking forum
Finally it was time for the Conference closing session, once more led by Helen Martin, the editor of Virus Bulletin.

It included the usual selection of scenic photos as well as general candid shots taken during the conference, including some 'comic' ones. This year it seemed to be another case of "I'm Sparticus", as a lot of people seemed to be wearing Ken Bechtel's hat, including me, and no it wasn't him in varying disguises either!

My final impressions of VB2008 are mixed; I enjoyed it, but I [and others who I chatted with] seem to think it may have lost its edge. Is this a case of becoming too commercialised or due to a lack of the usual swathe of quality research papers [which may be due to security companies cutting research budgets], or is it just a sign of the times as the marketplace has matured and that threats have now converged?

If you attended VB2008 and have an opinion, then please let me know your thoughts, thanks.

Copies of the slides used by the speakers during the presentations can be found here: http://www.virusbtn.com/conference/vb2008/slides

The full agenda for the conference can be found here: http://www.virusbtn.com/conference/vb2008/programme/index

Finally, if you are really curious and want something to put you to sleep, then you can also find a selection of scenic photos I took whilst in Ottawa, here: http://picasaweb.google.com/overtonm/OttawaCanada2008?authkey=SEeottY873o#

Well, that's another VB conference covered, I'm already looking forward to the possibility of attending next year, where it will be in Geneva, Switzerland at the end of September 2009. Right, now I need to find some ideas for a few abstracts to submit....any suggestions?

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Thursday, 25 September 2008

Virus Bulletin 2008 International Conference

Next week the Virus Bulletin International Conference is being held in Ottawa, Canada [1st to the 3rd of October]. This is the premier conference for people involved with fighting malware and related security threats. The programme can be found here.

This year I was going to be there just as a delegate; normally when I attend this conference I attend as a speaker, which means I have to write a paper and present it at the conference to an audience of 50-200 uber-geeks from various industries as well as the world's best malware researchers.  This can be pretty daunting! This will be my 11th Virus Bulletin Conference since my very first I attended and presented at back in 1996.

However, I've now been asked to be a reserve speaker, so I have to have a presentation ready, just in case I'm needed. The last time I was a reserve speaker it was for VB2002 which was held in New Orleans that year, and was nearly washed away by a hurricane! Needless to say, I ended up presenting my paper that year.

If any of you ready this are going to be there, then please feel free to stop me and have a chat, or just to say hello. I don't bite, honest ;-)

The presentation I am working on for the conference is to do with malware forensics, so it should be fun to do, as well as interesting for any audience I get; if I get to present it, that is.

As usual, I will write a short review of the conference, including what I personally found interesting, and may also post some mini-reviews and updates via Twitter.

If you can make it, then I hope to see you there; if not then stay tuned and I'll post a review as soon as I can.

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Wednesday, 24 September 2008

American Airlines Survey

I'd like to start this post with an apology as I have been rather slack in posting for quite a few weeks now. This has been due to a number of issues beyond my control including yet another change in my role. I still hope to post material here as often as I can, but it probably won't be as frequent as it has been. So, to try and start the ball rolling once more I have the following phishy tale for you to enjoy.

Here's a new one I've not seen before, the following e-mail arrived in my 'Phish' inbox late last night [screenshot below]:



That's nice if I answer five questions in a simple survey I will get $50.....I smell a phish, so what do we see when I click on the link?



So, let me see what happens when I fill out the details with bogus data. First let me enter some bogus data for the AAdvantage number and password, and then click on go. This is where I'm taken too next



As you can see, I'm now asked for my Bonus Code and the rest of the page is the alleged survey. So, I'll fill this in, again using bogus data. Interestingly the Bonus Code is the same in all the copies I've received, to multiple e-mail honeypot addresses too. So, now all the data has been entered, let me click on the continue button and see where we go next.



Aha.....Just as I suspected, this is a phish, as it not only asks for personal details, it also wants credit card data, including the CVV and an ATM PIN number too. So, let me enter in some more bogus data and click on the continue button again.

The final page shown informs me that my data has been entered correctly [yeah right!] and that I should see my bonus of $50 on my credit card within 72 hours. More like my credit card will be misused or sold on to others to misuse within 72 hours!

For those of you who like the detail behind the web-page, here is a screenshot of the first page, showing that the actual page is being rendered from two other sites. You may also notice that this phishing site is hosted on Yahoo servers.



Here is a screenshot showing part of the whois record for the phishy domain being used as a front for this scam.



So, it seems that I was right to be suspicious, in fact a quick look at the link in the original e-mail made it obvious to me that this was a phishing scam.

The interesting thing about this Phishing attempt is that this is the first time I've seen one targeting an airline, in fact I'd go as far as saying that this may be a 'Spear Phishing' attempt as it seems to have been sent to a small number of people and in far smaller numbers that the more traditional bank phish I see day in and day out..

So, if you are an American Airlines customer be on your guard as it seems that the phishers are now spending significant amounts of their time to finely target their potential victims and try and get you to disclose your details....

As a final note, the Netcraft toolbar plugin which works with Internet Explorer and Firefox now has the domains used for this phish in their database. So, install it and use it, it could save you from making an expensive mistake!

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